Principles of wastewater treatment for each specific method

Principles for Choosing a Wastewater Treatment Method

To choose the most suitable wastewater treatment solutions, it is necessary to base on the following principles:

• Choose a treatment method based on the composition and characteristics of the wastewater source.
• Consider the flow rate and discharge regime of the wastewater system.
• Base the importance of wastewater treatment to the environment and human health.
• Consider the geological, natural, biological characteristics, and area of the wastewater receiving source.
• Conduct specific research on the geographical location, climate, soil conditions of the planned wastewater treatment system construction to choose the most suitable method.
• Calculate the specific operating conditions and system management.
• Base on the infrastructure conditions and financial capabilities of the unit.

What Processes Does a Wastewater Treatment System Include?

A wastewater treatment system consists of many stages and processes. Each process plays a role in treating one or several specific pollutants.

These processes help improve the water quality and minimize the presence of harmful substances in the water. Therefore, after treatment, this water source can be reused or discharged into the receiving source without causing environmental pollution.

In a wastewater treatment system, the main processes include:

• Physical and mechanical treatment
• Chemical treatment
• Biological treatment

Specific Principles of Wastewater Treatment

Principles of Mechanical and Physical Wastewater Treatment

This method is often used at the beginning of wastewater treatment systems. The main purpose is to treat insoluble substances, large-sized pollutants in wastewater.

The basic principle of mechanical treatment is to separate pollutants from water through screens, sand traps, sedimentation tanks, or flotation. The choice of the most suitable technology depends on the size, characteristics, and properties of the wastewater.

Principles of Chemical Wastewater Treatment

After mechanical treatment, wastewater is transferred to the chemical treatment stage. Specific measures include: pH neutralization, flocculation... The main purpose is to adjust the pH, remove wastes, heavy metals, and inorganic substances in the water.

The principle of chemical wastewater treatment is to introduce chemicals into the wastewater to react or catalyze reactions with pollutants in it. As a result, the products are sludge or less harmful substances. These can be easily removed from the wastewater through settling, filtration methods.

Principles of Biological Wastewater Treatment

Biological wastewater treatment is a method that uses various microorganisms to remove pollutants, organic matter, N and P from wastewater. These microbial groups include: Aerobic, anaerobic, and facultative microorganisms.

The principle of biological wastewater treatment is mainly through the life activities of microorganisms to remove waste. They absorb dissolved organic matter as food, serving for growth and development processes.

What Does a Wastewater Treatment System Remove?

Each wastewater treatment process operates on its own principle. In general, this system helps address the following issues:

• Total dissolved solids in water (TDS).
• Nitrogen, phosphorus.
• Pathogens, harmful microorganisms in wastewater.
• Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD).
• Excess metal ions in water.
• Total suspended solids in water (TSS).
• Synthetic chemicals.

Above are the principles of wastewater treatment that we have just shared. Hopefully, it has helped you understand more about the operation mechanisms, processes of each specific method. If you have any further questions that need clarification, please contact us via the hotline number to receive specific advice from experts in the field of domestic and industrial wastewater treatment.